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The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 1951 Words

One Cannot Escape the Truth The Buddha once said, â€Å"Three things cannot be long hidden: the sun, the moon, and the truth.† The romantic novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne explores the importance of the truth and the effects on an individual when they attempt to escape from it. This novel mostly follows the main character Hester, who is doomed to display the scarlet letter, signifying adultery, for the rest of the duration of her life. Pearl, Hester’s daughter and the result of her adultery, is thought of by the Puritan community to be unworldly, wild, and an offspring of Satan. However, despite the Puritans’ ill view on her, Hawthorne purposely uses her character to portray truth and nature in this gloomy and dark setting. The actions of Pearl make it apparent that one cannot hide or escape from the truth. Pearl represents nature and the truth through her existence and actions. When Hester is forced to live in a small cottage, separate from society, she develops a hobby of sewing. Many times, she sews beautiful garments for her little Pearl, who wears them when they go to town: There was a fire in her and throughout her; she seemed the unpremeditated offshoot of a passionate moment. Her mother, in contriving the child’s garb, had allowed the gorgeous tendencies of her imagination at full play; arraying her in a crimson velvet tunic of a particular cut, abundantly embroidered with fantasies and flourishes of gold thread. (Hawthorne 98) It isShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. That was aRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne960 Words   |  4 Pages3H 13 August 2014 The novel, The Scarlet Letter, was written by the author Nathaniel Hawthorne and was published in 1850 (1). It is a story about the Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, set around 1650 (2). The story is written in the third person with the narrator being the author. The common thread that runs through this novel is Hawthorne’s apparent understanding of the beliefs and culture of the Puritans in America at that time. But Hawthorne is writing about events in a societyRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne919 Words   |  4 Pagessymbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†. Symbolism is when an object is used in place of a different object. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most symbolic writers in all of American history. In â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the letter â€Å"A† is used to symbolize a variety of different concepts. The three major symbolistic ideas that the letter â€Å"A† represents in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† are; shame, guilt, and ability. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the firstRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2016 The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850 which is based on the time frame of the Puritans, a religious group who arrived in Massachusetts in the 1630’s. The Puritans were in a religious period that was known for the strict social norms in which lead to the intolerance of different lifestyles. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the puritan’s strict lifestyles to relate to the universal issues among us. The time frame of the puritans resulted in Hawthorne eventually thinkingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne999 Words   |  4 Pages Nathaniel Hawthorne is the author of the prodigious book entitled The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne commits adultery with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Her husband, Roger Chillingworth, soon finds out about the incident after it becomes clear that she is pregnant. The whole town finds out and Hester is tried and punished. Meanwhile, Roger Chillingworth goes out then on a mission to get revenge by becoming a doctor and misprescribing Dimmesdale. He does this to torture DimmesdaleRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthat human nature knows right from wrong, but is naturally evil and that no man is entirely â€Å"good†. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of the classic novel The Scarlet Letter, believes that every man is innately good and Hawthorne shows that everyone has a natural good side by Hester’s complex character, Chillingworth’s actions and Dimmesdale’s selfless personality. At the beginning of the Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne is labeled as the â€Å"bad guy†. The townspeople demand the other adulterer’s name, butRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1517 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne composes Pearl as a powerful character even though she is not the main one. Her actions not only represent what she is as a person, but what other characters are and what their actions are. Hawthorne makes Pearl the character that helps readers understand what the other characters are. She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. The Scarlet Letter is a revolutionary novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne examining the ugliness, complexity, and strength of the human spirit and character that shares new ideas about independence and the struggles women faced in 17th century America. Throughout the novel, Hester’s refusal to remove the scarlet letterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1319 Words   |  6 PagesPrynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are subject to this very notion in Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter. Hester simply accepted that what she had done was wrong, whereas Dimmesdale, being a man of high regard, did not want to accept the reality of what he did. Similar to Hester and Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth allows his emotions to influence his life; however, his influence came as the result of hi s anger. Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

Society Does Emphasis on Phsycal Appearance Free Essays

Beauty and Vibrancy It is important to take care of yourself and try to look your best. Letting your looks go or becoming unhealthy and sloppy is unappealing and disrespectful to yourself and those you love. On the other hand, when people focus exclusively on how they look in a vain effort to seek validation, they lose a certain vibrancy that comes from depth and self-confidence. We will write a custom essay sample on Society Does Emphasis on Phsycal Appearance or any similar topic only for you Order Now In today’s society of never-ending nips and tucks, we forget that the essence of beauty stems from a person’s inner vitality and depth. Vitality often results from leading a multi-dimensional life that involves pursuing one’s passions, being creative, having purpose, and carrying on meaningful relationships. Demeanor True beauty is reflected more by demeanor than by a person’s perfect features. In his autobiography, Alan Alda describes being backstage watching an actress play the part of a hideous woman. Alda thought the actress was perfect for the part—she was ugly, had thick fingers, no neck, and a pudgy nose. He was shocked when in the last act, she transformed into a beautiful woman without any change in makeup. Her fingers and neck actually became slender and long, and her face suddenly looked regal. He realized that the most dramatic transformation comes from the way people hold themselves. Self-Assurance Attractiveness is also a reflection of how we view ourselves. I have a cousin who has a long scar down one side of his face from an accident. When he was a teenager, his father told him that he looked disfigured and pressured him to get plastic surgery. Embarrassed by his scar, he decided to get the surgery. A few days beforehand, his sister in law—a British catwalk model whom he adored—caught sight of him looking in the mirror while covering the â€Å"damaged† side of his face with shaving cream to see how it would look if it were gone. When he told her about the impending surgery, she leaned toward him and whispered emphatically, â€Å"Don’t do it. It’s dreadfully sexy. † Her comment transformed the way he viewed his physical appearance, and needless to say, he kept the scar as an asset. Why People Seek Beauty Being admired for being attractive feels good. When something feels good, it’s easy to want more of it, whether it’s beauty, wealth, popularity, fame, food, or wine. A dentist once told me â€Å"You can never be too beautiful or too rich. † Yet, there is a point where too much focus on beauty (or anything else) tragically takes away from other important facets of your life. Desperate efforts to look young or sexy sends the message that you have nothing to offer but your youth and beauty. A person with perfect features and flawless skin who feels insecure and resentful cannot, and does not, radiate beauty, only anxiety. When people start â€Å"running for their lives†Ã¢â‚¬â€i. . , running to plastic surgeons biannually, the message they send is one of fear and insecurity. There will always be younger and more beautiful people, so why not appreciate and cultivate greater depth and breadth within ourselves? How others view you does not lead to fulfillment. Too much emphasis on our looks steals from us th e enjoyment of many other pursuits—intellectual, athletic, and spiritual, for example. How we look has little to do with the fulfillment that comes from meaningful relationships, humor, and creativity, as well as from work, wisdom, solitude, and philanthropy. Skin-deep beauty, particularly if manufactured, will only attract others who are not interested in much else. Lacking depth and substance, even the most gorgeous woman or handsome man will receive only superficial and short-term interest from others, usually from people looking for a hot evening, a trophy wife, or a cabana boy. Self-Presentation Imagine being extremely beautiful or handsome, and receiving endless adulation. Although the attention may feel good, it can also create increased dependency on other people’s opinion of how you appear. This dependency develops into a tendency toward self-presentation, that is, presenting only the parts of yourself that will get a desired reaction. You become afraid of developing wrinkles—even smile wrinkles–or showing up without makeup. Your fear of losing admiration has the paradoxical impact of increasing fear of rejection about aspects of yourself that remain undisclosed—other interests and ideas. The interesting thing about beauty is that there isn’t one measure for it, even in one short lifetime. Styles of clothes change, as do the concepts of beauty. The emaciated look may be in now, but not historically so. In â€Å"Fiddler on the Roof,† one of the lines is â€Å"If I were a rich man, my wife would have a double chin. † Historical excesses in forced or artificial beauty point to the transitory nature of our own current preferences: African or South American wooden plugs in ear lobes to stretch out the lobes; the old Chinese custom of binding little girls’ feet to keep them small; the Poof, made popular by Marie Antoinette, whose hairdresser piled pads and pomades to raise the hair three feet high—all come and gone. Beauty care customs that are often viewed as â€Å"must-have† in their time can seem almost ludicrous by other cultures in a later era. But at the time, beauty products are endowed with the promise of helping us conform with current trends. Attitude In reality, true beauty is without artifice. Your character eventually shines through any amount of make up or plastic surgery. The way you treat others is remembered always, no matter how flawless your complexion. I’m all for continuing to do things that will preserve or enhance what nature has given us—that may include having work done for some. But the key lies in choosing a positive attitude about life rather than allowing desperation to take over. Knowing and accepting our aging process liberates us to pursue our life through our own lens, not someone else’s. Acceptance and confidence in yourself can sustain passion in a relationship better than liposuction and restilin. With each year, the inner self expresses itself more strongly in each line and wrinkle. It becomes impossible to hide your true self. Each person has his or her own individual passions and life experiences that are often best reflected in those very wrinkles we abhor. If we choose to have the expression of our life erased, what does that say about ourselves? Modified or not, the face becomes the true mirror of the soul. We tend to replicate objects we consider beautiful because it can make us feel better about ourselves. Surrounding ourselves with beauty and/or making ourselves look beautiful can help one boost up there self esteem and confidence. By replicating beauty it shows that one is not strong enough to show public who he/she really is. Replicating beauty is a shield to hide ones real self and personality, and modeling themselves to fit within the standards placed on them by society. Certain things such as makeup and accessories usually used by women, to replicate beauty are usually used to hide ones inner self. These items are to hide ones true beauty and to show a beauty that is more popular or fashionable to fit in with society. Society may have their own view of beauty, for example nice facial complexion, a certain body size and a certain way to act. See beauty can be judged on many bases but reality has made man perceive it as only physical. Society has gone so far in replicating objects we consider beautiful that they have gone to all extremes. Items such as a nice expensive car or a huge house are used for one to feel that they are surrounded by beauty. These items are usually used as a footstone to make someone feel better about them and also expect a certain reward or treatment from others because of the items of huge financial status. People want society to judge them on the objects they have as if these objects provide them with the beauty they have worked so hard to replicate. They are often scared that people may not like them for who they really are and instead hide behind these items. How to cite Society Does Emphasis on Phsycal Appearance, Papers

Patricide Essay Example For Students

Patricide Essay In the time of the Romans, the punishment for patricide was to be sewn up in a sack that had a monkey, snake, rooster, and dog inside, and then to be thrown in a river. Each of the animals in the bag had some specific meaning to them, and being sewn up in a sack and tossed into the river also had a specific function to the murderer. Thus this punishment became the proper way to punish the guilty. In the Roman era, patricide had become a major problem, so it was decided that for whomever held a title in Rome, there would be a meeting to discuss how to get rid of the problem and punish appropriately. The title holders decided that the best way to punish the young men, and to stop them from thinking of committing the sin, was to make them die, as well as make them feel everything their father had, and to regret their crime. This decision then became the chosen consequence for the crime of patricide. The significance of the animals was to torture the perpetrator in a particular way for his crime. The importance of the snake was that the snake was evil, dating back to the Garden of Eden, where it posed as the Devil and deceived Eve. While the victim was alive, the snake would be there to remind him of the ultimate sin-the deception of ones own father. The rooster is primarily known for his crowing, and thus his crows would remind the sinner of his guilt, so that he couldnt escape from what he did. The dogs function in the sack would be to howl, not only to be deafening and frightening, but also to evoke the wrath of the gods upon him. The monkey represents torture, because it is capable of mimicking human actions. It would mimic the sons behavior and re-enact the murder of the sons All four of these animals perform at least one role in torturing the boy, and so that he would be forced to think about what he had done to his father. The purpose of the sack was to increase tenfold the agony which his father suffered, and also to make him regret his decision to kill his father. With each passing moment, the torment would get progressively worse, so that the boy would get a taste of the Hell that was to be his afterlife, as punishment for committing patricide. The sack represented a way in which to make the boy suffer much more, and quickly before he drowned. The son was thrown into the river so that he could feel the way his fathers panic when he killed him. The water would serve to scare the son in the way his father felt when he realized that his own son had turned on him. The sewn sack would prevent the sons escape so he would realize there would be no turning back from his actions. These different elements of punishment combined to make the murderer truly suffer each aspect of the crime through the torture. The closed sack with animal reminders of different aspects of the murder would serve as a deterrent to living observers. This ritual is a fitting punishment for the crime.

Impact of Effective Communication on Change Management

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Effective Communication on Change Management for Global Organizations. Answer: Introduction Today, organizations have started to look beyond the domestic boundaries. The marketplace has expanded and organizations have started to look for expansion in the global market. It is believed that that communication is vital when dealing with changes and strategic planning. Encouraging input and ideas from those on the front-lines in order to create a strong plan or means for success. Leaders really must have an interest for the development of their team and those dependent upon them, this will only create a stronger team (Petronio, 2013). The objective of this research work is to study the factors that have positive impact on change management. The research work would primarily focus to study the impact of effective communication on change management for global organizations. The initial research suggests that the lack of communication and a thoughtful process can create difficulty on having others jump-on board with the idea. It can be said that change is always constant in our ever-changing world. That is where the vision and the mission statement must remain constant. Literature review Customer service is the key to success and the strategies must be moulded around customer service planning. Communication, requiring accountability and responsibility for staff and faculty, mandatory training and also including everyone in the change process (all levels), respecting their input and encouraging it, also assisting with technology and providing information about new technological changes. Authors argued that change management cannot be successful in organizations without effective communication strategies in place. Stark (2015) argued that from a strategic planning perspective, communication is a major support function for effective change management. Communication has been the biggest contributor to the successful progress being made. With effective communication strategies in place, all employees receive a consistent message and all stakeholders participate in decision making. By instituting a broad strategy of becoming highly reliable and safe, organizations are identifying opportunities to improve processes that affect daily operation, customer service, quality, and employee satisfaction. This in turn improves our community image and financial stability. When there is clear understanding that change is happening in all levels of the organization people are a little more willing to contribute to the changes being implemented. The people who would usually have the most difficult time contributing to change are those that have been doing things the same way for many years (Carsrud Brannbeck, 2014). Those employees usually will take longer to transition into the changes that are being implemented. Once there is lack of interest from subordinates then it becomes challenging to get momentum back from followers (Petronio, 2013). Part of the strategic planning should include constant communication and motivation while changes are implemented. Lack of consensus can be a challenge to strategic planning. No matter how much efforts someone add to a planning, if there is no consensus then companies fail. For example, in Toyota organization (Frankland Mitchell, 2013). there was conflict between to employees and it lead to recall of vehicles. Research questions and hypotheses Research questions The three key research questions of this research can be highlighted as: What is the impact of effective communication strategies on change management within global and multinational organizations? How can organizations manage the change effectively without compromising on organizational productivity? Hypotheses The effective communication is the key for organizations to manage change within the organization and effective communication has a positive impact on organizational change management. Operational definitions and measurement The key variable involved in the research work can be discussed as: Independent variable: The effectiveness of the communication strategies used in the global organizations. Dependent variable: The effectiveness of change management within the organization Key definitions: Change Management: Refers to strategic changes within large and global organizations. For example, organization introducing new performance management system or organization introducing new ERP system (Loewenstein, 2015). Effective Communication: It included both verbal and non-verbal communication channels that are used within an organization (Simoes, 2104). Research methodologies: Data collection and analysis Sampling techniques For this research work, the researcher would use cluster sampling technique. The researcher would create three clusters and the random sampling method would be used for each of the sample (Lies, 2012). The three clusters decided for this research work are: Cluster 1: The employees who work for large and multinational organizations in Australia. For example, the organizations like Toyota Cluster 2: The people who are part of senior management Cluster 3: Industry experts The methodology of cluster sampling methods can be shown as: Method of analysis. The researcher would use a mix method of research. It means that the researcher would use primary research methods and secondary research methods. Primary research methods: The primary research methods mean that the research would be done specifically for this research work. In this research work, the researcher would use online survey method to complete the primary research. An online questionnaire of 20-30 questions would be used. The online questionnaire would have both open-ended questions and close ended questions (Sturgeon, 2013). It is always advisable to use the open-ended questions in the survey as the respondents would find it easy to answer the open-ended questions as compared to the close ended questions. A brief sample of open-ended question and close-ended question can be shown as: Example: Close ended questions: On a scale of 7 (1 being least and 7 being best), rate the importance of effective communication strategies in change management Example: Open ended questions: What should large and multinational organizations do to have effective change management in place? Secondary research methods: The secondary research would be used to support the primary research. In this research work, researcher would use the secondary research methods of literature review (Harrison, 2013). The researcher would refer to various online and offline sources to complete the secondary research. The secondary research method would provide qualitative data. Research process The key phases in the research work can be discussed as: Identification of research problem This phase is already done. The objective of this research work is to study the factors that have positive impact on change management. The research work would primarily focus to study the impact of effective communication on change management for global organizations. Background Study and Research Questions formulation The three key research questions of this research can be highlighted as: 1.What is the impact of effective communication strategies on change management within global and multinational organizations? 2.How can organizations manage the change effectively without compromising on organizational productivity? Literature Review The literature review would be a key part of this research. The researcher would use the resources from the library and other online sources to complete the research. Data collection and analysis The data collection methods would include both quantitative and qualitative methods. The researcher would also use the data analysis tools like Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Expected outcomes It is expected that researcher would be able to establish a positive relationship between change management and effective communication at work place. Conclusion The above paper discusses the research proposal to study the factors that have positive impact on change management. The researcher would use primary research methods and secondary research methods to complete the research. The cluster sampling methods would be used and the researcher would use three clusters to collect data and information from respondents. References Carsrud, A.L. and Brannbeck, M., 2014. Handbook of Research Methods and Applications in Entrepreneurship and Small Business. Frankland, R., Mitchell, C.M., Ferguson, J.D., Sziklai, A.T., Verma, A.K., Popowski, J.E. and Sturgeon, D.H., Applications In Internet Time, Llc, 2013. Integrated change management unit. U.S. Patent 8,484,111. Harrison, R.L., 2013. Using mixed methods designs in the Journal of Business Research, 19902010. Journal of Business Research, 66(11), pp.2153-2162. Lies, J., 2012. Internal communication as power management in change processes: Study on the possibilities and the reality of change communications. Public Relations Review, 38(2), pp.255-261. Matos Marques Simoes, P. and Esposito, M., 2014. Improving change management: How communication nature influences resistance to change. Journal of Management Development, 33(4), pp.324-341. Ocasio, W., Loewenstein, J. and Nigam, A., 2015. How streams of communication reproduce and change institutional logics: The role of categories. Academy of Management Review, 40(1), pp.28-48. Petronio, S., 2013. Brief status report on communication privacy management theory. Journal of Family Communication, 13(1), pp.6-14. Stark, J., 2015. Product lifecycle management. In Product Lifecycle Management (pp. 1-29). Springer International Publishing.

The Problem Of Language In All Quiet On The Western Front Essays

The Problem of Language in "All Quiet on the Western Front" German Literature The Problem of Language in "All Quiet on the Western Front" For it is no easy undertaking, I say, to describe the bottom of the Universe; nor is it for tongues that only babble child's play. (The Inferno, XXXII, 7-9.) Erich Maria Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front, a novel set in World War I, centers around the changes wrought by the war on one young German soldier. During his time in the war, Remarque's protagonist, Paul Baumer, changes from a rather innocent Romantic to a hardened and somewhat caustic veteran. More importantly, during the course of this metamorphosis, Baumer disaffiliates himself from those societal icons--parents, elders, school, religion--that had been the foundation of his pre-enlistment days. This rejection comes about as a result of Baumer's realization that the pre-enlistment society simply does not understand the reality of the Great War. His new society, then, becomes the Company, his fellow trench soldiers, because that is a group which does understand the truth as Baumer has experienced it. Remarque demonstrates Baumer's disaffiliation from the traditional by emphasizing the language of Baumer's pre- and post-enlistment societies. Baumer either can not, or chooses not to, communicate truthfully with those representatives of his pre-enlistment and innocent days. Further, he is repulsed by the banal and meaningless language that is used by members of that society. As he becomes alienated from his former, traditional, society, Baumer simultaneously is able to communicate effectively only with his military comrades. Since the novel is told from the first person point of view, the reader can see how the words Baumer speaks are at variance with his true feelings. In his preface to the novel, Remarque maintains that "a generation of men ... were destroyed by the war" (Remarque, All Quiet Preface). Indeed, in All Quiet on the Western Front, the meaning of language itself is, to a great extent, destroyed. Early in the novel, Baumer notes how his elders had been facile with words prior to his enlistment. Specifically, teachers and parents had used words, passionately at times, to persuade him and other young men to enlist in the war effort. After relating the tale of a teacher who exhorted his students to enlist, Baumer states that "teachers always carry their feelings ready in their waistcoat pockets, and trot them out by the hour" (Remarque, All Quiet I. 15). Baumer admits that he, and others, were fooled by this rhetorical trickery. Parents, too, were not averse to using words to shame their sons into enlisting. "At that time even one's parents were ready with the word 'coward'" (Remarque, All Quiet I. 15). Remembering those days, Baumer asserts that, as a result of his war experiences, he has learned how shallow the use of these words was. Indeed, early in his enlistment, Baumer comprehends that although authority figures taught that duty to one's country is the greatest thing, we already knew that death-throes are stronger. But for all that, we were no mutineers, no deserters, no cowards--they were very free with these expressions. We loved our country as much as they; we went courageously into every action; but also we distinguished the false from true, we had suddenly learned to see. (Remarque, All Quiet I. 17) What Baumer and his comrades have learned is that the words and expressions used by the pillars of society do not reflect the reality of war and of one's participation in it. As the novel progresses, Baumer himself uses words in a similarly false fashion. A number of instances of Baumer's own misuse of language occur during an important episode in the novel--a period of leave when he visits his home town. This leave is disastrous for Baumer because he realizes that he can not communicate with the people on the home front because of his military experiences and their limited, or nonexistent, understanding of the war. When he first enters his house, for example, Baumer is overwhelmed at being home. His joy and relief are such that he cannot speak; he can only weep (Remarque, All Quiet VII. 140). When he and his mother greet each other, he realizes immediately that he has nothing to say to her: "We say very little and I am thankful that she asks The Problem Of Language In All Quiet On The Western Front Essays The Problem of Language in "All Quiet on the Western Front" German Literature The Problem of Language in "All Quiet on the Western Front" For it is no easy undertaking, I say, to describe the bottom of the Universe; nor is it for tongues that only babble child's play. (The Inferno, XXXII, 7-9.) Erich Maria Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front, a novel set in World War I, centers around the changes wrought by the war on one young German soldier. During his time in the war, Remarque's protagonist, Paul Baumer, changes from a rather innocent Romantic to a hardened and somewhat caustic veteran. More importantly, during the course of this metamorphosis, Baumer disaffiliates himself from those societal icons--parents, elders, school, religion--that had been the foundation of his pre-enlistment days. This rejection comes about as a result of Baumer's realization that the pre-enlistment society simply does not understand the reality of the Great War. His new society, then, becomes the Company, his fellow trench soldiers, because that is a group which does understand the truth as Baumer has experienced it. Remarque demonstrates Baumer's disaffiliation from the traditional by emphasizing the language of Baumer's pre- and post-enlistment societies. Baumer either can not, or chooses not to, communicate truthfully with those representatives of his pre-enlistment and innocent days. Further, he is repulsed by the banal and meaningless language that is used by members of that society. As he becomes alienated from his former, traditional, society, Baumer simultaneously is able to communicate effectively only with his military comrades. Since the novel is told from the first person point of view, the reader can see how the words Baumer speaks are at variance with his true feelings. In his preface to the novel, Remarque maintains that "a generation of men ... were destroyed by the war" (Remarque, All Quiet Preface). Indeed, in All Quiet on the Western Front, the meaning of language itself is, to a great extent, destroyed. Early in the novel, Baumer notes how his elders had been facile with words prior to his enlistment. Specifically, teachers and parents had used words, passionately at times, to persuade him and other young men to enlist in the war effort. After relating the tale of a teacher who exhorted his students to enlist, Baumer states that "teachers always carry their feelings ready in their waistcoat pockets, and trot them out by the hour" (Remarque, All Quiet I. 15). Baumer admits that he, and others, were fooled by this rhetorical trickery. Parents, too, were not averse to using words to shame their sons into enlisting. "At that time even one's parents were ready with the word 'coward'" (Remarque, All Quiet I. 15). Remembering those days, Baumer asserts that, as a result of his war experiences, he has learned how shallow the use of these words was. Indeed, early in his enlistment, Baumer comprehends that although authority figures taught that duty to one's country is the greatest thing, we already knew that death-throes are stronger. But for all that, we were no mutineers, no deserters, no cowards--they were very free with these expressions. We loved our country as much as they; we went courageously into every action; but also we distinguished the false from true, we had suddenly learned to see. (Remarque, All Quiet I. 17) What Baumer and his comrades have learned is that the words and expressions used by the pillars of society do not reflect the reality of war and of one's participation in it. As the novel progresses, Baumer himself uses words in a similarly false fashion. A number of instances of Baumer's own misuse of language occur during an important episode in the novel--a period of leave when he visits his home town. This leave is disastrous for Baumer because he realizes that he can not communicate with the people on the home front because of his military experiences and their limited, or nonexistent, understanding of the war. When he first enters his house, for example, Baumer is overwhelmed at being home. His joy and relief are such that he cannot speak; he can only weep (Remarque, All Quiet VII. 140). When he and his mother greet each other, he realizes immediately that he has nothing to say to her: "We say very little and I am thankful that she asks The Problem Of Language In All Quiet On The Western Front Essays The Problem of Language in "All Quiet on the Western Front" German Literature The Problem of Language in "All Quiet on the Western Front" For it is no easy undertaking, I say, to describe the bottom of the Universe; nor is it for tongues that only babble child's play. (The Inferno, XXXII, 7-9.) Erich Maria Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front, a novel set in World War I, centers around the changes wrought by the war on one young German soldier. During his time in the war, Remarque's protagonist, Paul Baumer, changes from a rather innocent Romantic to a hardened and somewhat caustic veteran. More importantly, during the course of this metamorphosis, Baumer disaffiliates himself from those societal icons--parents, elders, school, religion--that had been the foundation of his pre-enlistment days. This rejection comes about as a result of Baumer's realization that the pre-enlistment society simply does not understand the reality of the Great War. His new society, then, becomes the Company, his fellow trench soldiers, because that is a group which does understand the truth as Baumer has experienced it. Remarque demonstrates Baumer's disaffiliation from the traditional by emphasizing the language of Baumer's pre- and post-enlistment societies. Baumer either can not, or chooses not to, communicate truthfully with those representatives of his pre-enlistment and innocent days. Further, he is repulsed by the banal and meaningless language that is used by members of that society. As he becomes alienated from his former, traditional, society, Baumer simultaneously is able to communicate effectively only with his military comrades. Since the novel is told from the first person point of view, the reader can see how the words Baumer speaks are at variance with his true feelings. In his preface to the novel, Remarque maintains that "a generation of men ... were destroyed by the war" (Remarque, All Quiet Preface). Indeed, in All Quiet on the Western Front, the meaning of language itself is, to a great extent, destroyed. Early in the novel, Baumer notes how his elders had been facile with words prior to his enlistment. Specifically, teachers and parents had used words, passionately at times, to persuade him and other young men to enlist in the war effort. After relating the tale of a teacher who exhorted his students to enlist, Baumer states that "teachers always carry their feelings ready in their waistcoat pockets, and trot them out by the hour" (Remarque, All Quiet I. 15). Baumer admits that he, and others, were fooled by this rhetorical trickery. Parents, too, were not averse to using words to shame their sons into enlisting. "At that time even one's parents were ready with the word 'coward'" (Remarque, All Quiet I. 15). Remembering those days, Baumer asserts that, as a result of his war experiences, he has learned how shallow the use of these words was. Indeed, early in his enlistment, Baumer comprehends that although authority figures taught that duty to one's country is the greatest thing, we already knew that death-throes are stronger. But for all that, we were no mutineers, no deserters, no cowards--they were very free with these expressions. We loved our country as much as they; we went courageously into every action; but also we distinguished the false from true, we had suddenly learned to see. (Remarque, All Quiet I. 17) What Baumer and his comrades have learned is that the words and expressions used by the pillars of society do not reflect the reality of war and of one's participation in it. As the novel progresses, Baumer himself uses words in a similarly false fashion. A number of instances of Baumer's own misuse of language occur during an important episode in the novel--a period of leave when he visits his home town. This leave is disastrous for Baumer because he realizes that he can not communicate with the people on the home front because of his military experiences and their limited, or nonexistent, understanding of the war. When he first enters his house, for example, Baumer is overwhelmed at being home. His joy and relief are such that he cannot speak; he can only weep (Remarque, All Quiet VII. 140). When he and his mother greet each other, he realizes immediately that he has nothing to say to her: "We say very little and I am thankful that she asks

Short and Long Vowel Lesson Plan

Short and Long Vowel Lesson Plan Often times students have a hard time differentiating short vowels from long vowels, and there are certain things teachers can do to help them master this skill. A solid lesson plan to teach this topic is an important first step, and this one might be exactly what you need. This vowels  lesson plan  is designed to help students recognize and remember vowels, as well as be able to produce the sounds of both a short vowel and a long vowel. Materials Songs for teaching grammarLetter cards for teaching vowels Learning the Differences The first step to mastering the vowel sounds is to understand the difference between both short and long vowels. Long vowels are the easiest of the two for students to learn because they have the same sound as their name. For example, the long o sounds like the o in the word ocean, and the long a sounds like the a in the word acorn. Short vowels are much more challenging for students to understand because they sound very similar to one another. For example, the short i in the word big sounds very similar to the short e in the word beg, and the short o in the word cop sounds similar to the short u in the word cup. Children need to be able to recognize and produce these sounds before they are able to learn the rules for reading and spelling them. Short Vowels: Short vowels have a curved symbol above them ÄÆ', Ä•, Ä ­, Ã… , Ã… ­. Here are a few examples of a short vowel: bun, bop, bed, bin, bat. Long Vowels: Long vowels have a straight line above them Ä , Ä“, Ä «, Ã… , Ã… «. Here are a few examples of a long vowel: face, even, lie, toe, use. Procedure for Lesson Follow this procedure to ensure students understand how to recognize and pronounce each vowel in the alphabet. Review the letter names a, e, i, o, and u. Discuss that the letter y is sometimes used as a vowel. This might be confusing for students to understand at first.Display each vowel letter card and ask students what vowel they hear when you say the following words: baby, beef, ride, rose, unicorn. Explain to students that it is easy to hear the vowels in the words that say their name, these vowels are the long vowels.Call upon students to come up and take turns drawing a straight line over each vowel that you go over together. For example, write the letter a on the board and call upon a student to draw a straight line over the a and say, A long a sounds like the word ape. Do this for each vowel.Teach students the long vowel song to help them remember. Often using creative learning experiences, like song, can better engage students in the lesson and help them retain the information more easily and for longer periods of time.  Next, go over short vowels. Display each letter card on the b oard and explain that sometimes vowels dont say their name and have a different sound. Ask students what vowel they hear when you say the following: apple, bed, pig, frog, bug. Call upon students to come up and take turns drawing a curved line over each vowel that you go over together. For example, write the letter a on the board and call upon a student  to draw a curved line over the a and say A short vowel sounds like ah in alligator. Continue to do this for each vowel sound.Next, teach the students the short vowel song to help them remember. You might try alternating the two songs - the short and long vowel songs - to keep students thinking and challenge them more.To help students remember short and long vowels continue to practice the songs each day until they have memorized them. If your students have an online learning portal, you might consider video taping their best performance to post. This way, you can share the film with parents, and also use it as a tool to remind students of the lyrics if they start to forget.   Edited by  Stacy Jagodowski